Olfactory dysfunction is common in classical infratentorial superficial siderosis of the central nervous system

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Olfactory dysfunction is common in classical infratentorial superficial siderosis of the central nervous system

Natallia Kharytaniuk · E. A. Lim · E. Chan · M. Pavlou · D. J. Werring · D. E. Bamiou1

Abstract

Background

Established features of classical infratentorial superficial siderosis (iSS) include hearing loss, impaired balance, myelopathy and, less commonly, cognitive compromise. Olfactory function may be affected but dedicated studies are lacking. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in iSS and correlate it with auditory and cognitive functions.

Methods

Ten participants with iSS completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). The scores were compared with population norms; regression analysis was performed to evaluate associations between the scores and hearing thresholds (3-frequency average, 3FA) or the number of cognitive domains impaired. Imaging was reviewed for haemosiderin distribution and to exclude other causes of olfactory and hearing dysfunction.

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